Curcuma longa is a rhizomatus perennial herb with tufted leaves. Its rhizome contains Curcumin. It is an auspicious article in all religious observances in Hindu households. The antioxidant properties of the powder are probably due to the phenolic character of Curcumin. It also has anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activity. It reduces cholesterol levels and helps control blood sugar.

In Indian systems of medicine turmeric is used as a stomachic tonic and blood purifier. It is also prescribed as an antiperiodic alterative. Mixed with warm milk it is said to be beneficial in common cold. The juice of the fresh rhizome is used as an anti parasitic for many skin affections. Externally it is applied to ulcers and a paste made from the powdered rhizome with lime is a remedy for inflamed joints. A decoction of the rhizome relieves the pain of purulent ophthalmia. Oil of turmeric distilled from the dried rhizomes has mild antiseptic properties. It is an antacid and in small doses acts as a carminative appetizer and tonic. In large doses however it appears to act as an antispasmodic inhibiting excessive peristaltic movements of the intestines.